٤٦٩. وَقَالَ (عليه السلام): يَهْلِكُ فِيَّ رَجُلاَنِ: مُحِبٌّ مُفْرِطٌ، وَبَاهِتٌ مُفْتَرٍ.
469. Amīr al-mu’minīn, peace be upon him, said: Two types of persons will fall into ruin over me: The one who loves exaggerates and the other who lays false and baseless blames.
قال السيد الرضي: وهذا مثل قوله (عليه السلام): هَلَكَ فِيَّ رَجُلَانِ مُحِبٌّ غَالٍ ومُبْغِضٌ قَالٍ.
as-Sayyid ar-Raḍī says: This is on the lines of Amīr al-mu’minin’s own saying which runs as: “Two categories of persons will be ruined over me: the one who loves exaggeratingly and the hater and malicebearer.” [1]
Footnote :
The Holy Prophet used often to urge and order the ummah to love Amīr al-mu’minīn and forbid them to bear any hatred against him. Moreover, the Holy Prophet used to regard the love of Amīr al-mu’minīn as the sign of Faith (īmān) and the hatred of him as the sign of hypocracy (nifāq) (as we have already mentioned on the foot-note of No.45).
Now, we quote one of the traditions of the Holy Prophet with regard to this subject. It has been narrated through fourteen companions that the Holy Prophet said :
Whoever loves ‘Alī, he surely loves me; and whoever loves me, he surely loves Allāh, and whoever loves Allāh, He will cause him to enter Paradise.
Whoever hates ‘Alī, he surely hates me; and whoever hates me, he surely hates Allāh, and whoever hates Allāh, He will cause him to enter the Fire.
And whoever hurts ‘Alī, he surely hurts me, and whoever hurts me, he surely hurts Allāh, (surely, those who hurt Allāh and His Messenger, Allāh has cursed them in the present world and the world to come, and has prepared for them a humbling chastisement [Qur’ān, 33:57]). (al-Mustadrak, vol. 3, pp. 127—128; 130; Ḥilyah al-awliyā’, vol. l, pp. 66-67; al-Istī‘āb, vol. 3, p. 1101; Usd al-ghābah, vol. 4, p. 383; al-Iṣābah, vol. 3, pp. 496-497; Majma‘ az-zawā’id, vol. 9, pp. 108—109, 129, 131, 132, 133; Kanz al-‘ummāl, vol. 12, pp. 202, 209, 218—219; vol. 15, pp. 95—96; vol. 17, p. 70; ar-Riyaḍ an-naḍirah, vol. 2, pp. 166, 167, 209, 214; al-Manāqib, Ibn al-Maghāzilī, pp. 103, 196, 382)
At the same time, the Holy Prophet used to caution the ummah against exaggeration in (Amīr al-mu’minīn’s) love of him in exceeding the bounds of Islam in love for him. One who does so is called ghālī, i.e. he who believes that the Holy Prophet or Amīr al-mu’minīn or any of the Shi‘īte Imāms is god, or attributes to them the special attributes of Allāh, or believes that the twelve Imāms are prophets, or makes any claim which they (the Holy Prophet and Imāms) did not make about themselves.
On the contrary, the Holy Prophet had also forbidden any offence or denigration concerning them (Imāms); and he used to blame those who lay false and baseless accusations against them as well as those who hate and bear malice.
It was for this reason that the Holy Prophet sometimes used to refrain from mentioning some of the excellent qualities of Amīr al-mu’minīn as Jābir ibn ‘Abdillāh al-Anṣārī narrates:
When Amīr al-mu’minīn approached the Holy Prophet with the news of the conquering of Khaybar by himself (Amīr al-mu’minīn), the Holy Prophet said to him: “O’ ‘Alī, had it not been for some groups of my ummah who may say about you, what the Christians say about ‘Īsā, son of Maryam. I would have said (something) about you so that you would not pass before any Muslim but that he would seize the dust from the tracks of your feet demanding blessing from it. But it suffices to say that you hold the same position in relation to me as Hārūn held in relation to Mūsā except that there shall, in all certainty, be no prophet after me.” (Majma‘ az-zawā’id, vol. 9, p. 131; Ibn Abi’l-Ḥadīd, vol. 5, p. 4; vol. 9, p. 168; vol. 18, p. 282; Manāqib ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, Ibn al-Maghāzilī, pp. 237—239; Manāqib ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, al-Khwārazmī, pp. 75—76, 96, 220; Kifāyah aṭ-Ṭālib fī manāqib ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, al-Ganjī, pp. 264—265; Arjaḥ al-maṭālib, pp. 448, 454; Yanābi‘ al-mawaddah, pp. 63—64, 130—131)
The Holy Prophet had also informed the Muslim ummah that there will appear two types of deviated groups among the Muslims who will exceed the bounds of Islamic principles towards understanding Amīr al-mu’minīn, as he himself has related:
The Messenger of Allāh, peace be upon him and his descendants, called upon me and said: “O’ ‘Alī, there is a resemblance between you and ‘Īsā son of Maryam, whom the Jews hated so much that they laid a false accusation against his mother, and whom the Christians loved so much that they assigned to him the position which is not for him.”
(Then, Amīr al-mu’minīn continues) Beware! two types of persons will fall into ruin over me: The one who loves (me) who will eulogize me for what is not in me; and the one who hates (me) whose detestation against me will lead him to lay false and baseless accusations on me. Beware ! I am not a prophet, and nothing has been revealed to me. But I act according to the Book of Allāh and the sunnah of His Prophet as far as I can. (al-Musnad, Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, vol. 1, p. 160; al-Mustadrak, al-Ḥākim, vol. 3, p. 123; Mishkāt al-maṣābīḥ, vol. 3, pp. 245—246; Majma‘ az-zawā’id, vol. 9, p. 133; Kanz al-‘ummāl, vol. 12, p. 219; vol. 15, p. 110; Ibn Kathīr, vol. 7, p. 356)
The above mentioned sayings of Amīr al-mu’minīn (in this foot-note) as well as in the text have been reported from the Holy Prophet when he said to Amīr al-mu’minīn:
O’ ‘Alī, two types of persons will fall into ruin over you: The one who loves exaggeratingly and the liar who lays false accusation. (al-Istī‘āb, vol. 3, p. 1101)
Also, he said to him:
Two categories will be ruined over you: The one who loves exaggeratingly and the hater who bears malice. (Ibn Abi’l-Ḥadīd, vol. 5, p. 6)
The famous scholar of tradition ‘Āmir ibn Sharāhīl ash-Sha‘bī (19/ 640 — 103/721) has confirmed this saying that these two categories appeared and both became disbelievers and were ruined. (al-Istī‘āb, vol. 3, p. 1130; al-‘Iqd al-farīd, vol. 4, p. 312)
The Holy Prophet used often to urge and order the ummah to love Amīr al-mu’minīn and forbid them to bear any hatred against him. Moreover, the Holy Prophet used to regard the love of Amīr al-mu’minīn as the sign of Faith (īmān) and the hatred of him as the sign of hypocracy (nifāq) (as we have already mentioned on the foot-note of No.45).
Now, we quote one of the traditions of the Holy Prophet with regard to this subject. It has been narrated through fourteen companions that the Holy Prophet said :
Whoever loves ‘Alī, he surely loves me; and whoever loves me, he surely loves Allāh, and whoever loves Allāh, He will cause him to enter Paradise.
Whoever hates ‘Alī, he surely hates me; and whoever hates me, he surely hates Allāh, and whoever hates Allāh, He will cause him to enter the Fire.
And whoever hurts ‘Alī, he surely hurts me, and whoever hurts me, he surely hurts Allāh, (surely, those who hurt Allāh and His Messenger, Allāh has cursed them in the present world and the world to come, and has prepared for them a humbling chastisement [Qur’ān, 33:57]). (al-Mustadrak, vol. 3, pp. 127—128; 130; Ḥilyah al-awliyā’, vol. l, pp. 66-67; al-Istī‘āb, vol. 3, p. 1101; Usd al-ghābah, vol. 4, p. 383; al-Iṣābah, vol. 3, pp. 496-497; Majma‘ az-zawā’id, vol. 9, pp. 108—109, 129, 131, 132, 133; Kanz al-‘ummāl, vol. 12, pp. 202, 209, 218—219; vol. 15, pp. 95—96; vol. 17, p. 70; ar-Riyaḍ an-naḍirah, vol. 2, pp. 166, 167, 209, 214; al-Manāqib, Ibn al-Maghāzilī, pp. 103, 196, 382)
At the same time, the Holy Prophet used to caution the ummah against exaggeration in (Amīr al-mu’minīn’s) love of him in exceeding the bounds of Islam in love for him. One who does so is called ghālī, i.e. he who believes that the Holy Prophet or Amīr al-mu’minīn or any of the Shi‘īte Imāms is god, or attributes to them the special attributes of Allāh, or believes that the twelve Imāms are prophets, or makes any claim which they (the Holy Prophet and Imāms) did not make about themselves.
On the contrary, the Holy Prophet had also forbidden any offence or denigration concerning them (Imāms); and he used to blame those who lay false and baseless accusations against them as well as those who hate and bear malice.
It was for this reason that the Holy Prophet sometimes used to refrain from mentioning some of the excellent qualities of Amīr al-mu’minīn as Jābir ibn ‘Abdillāh al-Anṣārī narrates:
When Amīr al-mu’minīn approached the Holy Prophet with the news of the conquering of Khaybar by himself (Amīr al-mu’minīn), the Holy Prophet said to him: “O’ ‘Alī, had it not been for some groups of my ummah who may say about you, what the Christians say about ‘Īsā, son of Maryam. I would have said (something) about you so that you would not pass before any Muslim but that he would seize the dust from the tracks of your feet demanding blessing from it. But it suffices to say that you hold the same position in relation to me as Hārūn held in relation to Mūsā except that there shall, in all certainty, be no prophet after me.” (Majma‘ az-zawā’id, vol. 9, p. 131; Ibn Abi’l-Ḥadīd, vol. 5, p. 4; vol. 9, p. 168; vol. 18, p. 282; Manāqib ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, Ibn al-Maghāzilī, pp. 237—239; Manāqib ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, al-Khwārazmī, pp. 75—76, 96, 220; Kifāyah aṭ-Ṭālib fī manāqib ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib, al-Ganjī, pp. 264—265; Arjaḥ al-maṭālib, pp. 448, 454; Yanābi‘ al-mawaddah, pp. 63—64, 130—131)
The Holy Prophet had also informed the Muslim ummah that there will appear two types of deviated groups among the Muslims who will exceed the bounds of Islamic principles towards understanding Amīr al-mu’minīn, as he himself has related:
The Messenger of Allāh, peace be upon him and his descendants, called upon me and said: “O’ ‘Alī, there is a resemblance between you and ‘Īsā son of Maryam, whom the Jews hated so much that they laid a false accusation against his mother, and whom the Christians loved so much that they assigned to him the position which is not for him.”
(Then, Amīr al-mu’minīn continues) Beware! two types of persons will fall into ruin over me: The one who loves (me) who will eulogize me for what is not in me; and the one who hates (me) whose detestation against me will lead him to lay false and baseless accusations on me. Beware ! I am not a prophet, and nothing has been revealed to me. But I act according to the Book of Allāh and the sunnah of His Prophet as far as I can. (al-Musnad, Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, vol. 1, p. 160; al-Mustadrak, al-Ḥākim, vol. 3, p. 123; Mishkāt al-maṣābīḥ, vol. 3, pp. 245—246; Majma‘ az-zawā’id, vol. 9, p. 133; Kanz al-‘ummāl, vol. 12, p. 219; vol. 15, p. 110; Ibn Kathīr, vol. 7, p. 356)
The above mentioned sayings of Amīr al-mu’minīn (in this foot-note) as well as in the text have been reported from the Holy Prophet when he said to Amīr al-mu’minīn:
O’ ‘Alī, two types of persons will fall into ruin over you: The one who loves exaggeratingly and the liar who lays false accusation. (al-Istī‘āb, vol. 3, p. 1101)
Also, he said to him:
Two categories will be ruined over you: The one who loves exaggeratingly and the hater who bears malice. (Ibn Abi’l-Ḥadīd, vol. 5, p. 6)
The famous scholar of tradition ‘Āmir ibn Sharāhīl ash-Sha‘bī (19/ 640 — 103/721) has confirmed this saying that these two categories appeared and both became disbelievers and were ruined. (al-Istī‘āb, vol. 3, p. 1130; al-‘Iqd al-farīd, vol. 4, p. 312)
